The cardamom plant begins flowering at 23 years of age from the base of the plant. Elettaria and amomum are the two main genera of the ginger family that are named as forms of cardamom. Naturally occurring elettaria cardamomum extract as a. The spice is has a very pleasant aroma and flavor, and is commonly referred.
Zingiberaceae ginger family this popular ginger is native to india. It is known that ethanol produces necrotic lesions in the gastric mucosa by its direct toxic effect reducing the secretion of bicarbonates and production of mucus marhuenda and martin, 1993. Commonly found in south india description cardamom is an evergreen, perennial gingerlike plant, with thick. Elettaria cardamomum is a member of the ginger family zingiberaceae. Sold by quality herbal extracts sense llc and ships from amazon fulfillment. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Cardamom essential oil has a sweet, spicy scent that will be familiar to those who are accustomed to cardamom in often asian cuisine. The inhibitive action of water extract of naturally occurring elettaria cardamomum plant against the corrosion of zinc in 1. The pressure was regulated by highpressure valves under manual control. It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in reunion, indochina and costa rica. It is on top of a small swale that collects rainwater from the roof of the house. Elettaria cardamomum cardamom question number question answer score 1.
Plants may quickly reproduce from rhizomes if given adequate space. The genus elettaria consists of a small number of spices distributed in india, sri lanka, malaysia and indonesia holtum, 1950. It is the most common of the species whose seeds are used as a spice called cardamom. Cardamom is a perennial shrub with fleshy, thick and lateral roots and the plant grows to a height of eight feet kapoor, 2000. Coolville ridge road athens, ohio 45701 7405924643 7405933092 fax. Elettaria cardamomum, commonly known as green or true cardamom, is a herbaceous, perennial plant in the ginger family, native to southern india. Antiulcerogenic activity of elettaria cardamomum maton. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120326 which reports it as an accepted name record 243056 with original publication details.
Maton show all show tabs cardamom general information. Jan 06, 2009 elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae is a highly priced spice, growing in midelevations 6000 m a. Cardamom refers to several plants of the genera elettaria and amomum in the ginger family zingiberaceae. Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of. Comparative analysis of the oil and supercritical co2 extract of. Ewgs guide to healthy cleaning is a free, searchable online tool providing consumers with safety ratings for common household cleaners. It is beneficial for overall digestive system, respiratory system, kidneys, blood, heart, and skin. This combination, in full or in part, along with other plant parts, was used to treat stomach pain, rheumatic pain, and puerperal fever. It is commonly found in ayurvedic medicines used for the treatment of several diseases of these organs. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of elettaria cardamomum and. Henceforth, the elettaria cardamomum may have chemo preventive, antidiabetic, anti microbial and anticancer activity due to the presence of secondary metabolites in the methanolic extract.
As an ornamental plant it must be grown with constant warmth. Zingiberaceae of north america update, database version 2010 acquired. There are a number of false cardamoms, but the true cardamom is a subtropical or tropical shrub preferring warm temperatures and yearround water. The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew. True cardamom is harvested from the dried fruit of the elettaria cardamomum plant. Handbook of herbs and spices, woodhead publishing in food science and. Elettaria cardamomum, chances are great that you have the wrong plant. Several species of shellflower alpinia are cultivated as ornamentals. Cardamom oil elettaria cardamomum information on the. Two botanical varieties have been distinguished based on the size of the fruits, one for the wild taxon and one for the. The record derives from wcsp which reports it as an accepted name record 243056 with original publication details.
Elettaria cardamomum fruit ahpa botanical identity. Cardamom seeds are unfortunately difficult to germinate. Elettariacardamomum, aframomumcorrorima and amomumsubulatum, oxygenated. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum, pepper piper nigrum and clove syzygium aromaticum are some commonly used spices in households worldwide. Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of cardamom elettaria cardamomum l. Handbook of ayurvedic medicinal plants, crcpress, boca raton, fl, 2000. Elettaria cardamomum health effects and herbal facts.
Cardamom elettaria cardamomum plant profiler sigma. So come buy and see our huge variety of herbal plant seeds today. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum, pepper piper nigrum and clove syzygium aromaticum are some commonly used spices in households. This page was last edited on 8 november 2017, at 07. Elettaria cardamomum cardamon tree in rda, bogra 05. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract cosmetic ingredient inci. Protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of elettaria cardamomum l. Pdf botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological. Ewgs guide to healthy cleaning elettaria cardamomum. Singaravel sengottuvelu, in nuts and seeds in health and disease prevention, 2011. The results of ftir analysis confirmed the presence of alcohol, phenols, alkanes, alkyl halides and alkynes.
Zingiberaceae, called the queen of spices in india, is a tall, perennial, reedlike herb that grows wild and is cultivated in india and sri lanka. Elettaria cardamomum definition of elettaria cardamomum. The green three sides seed pods are popular in indian and asian cooking. Use levels for fema gras flavoring substances on which the fema expert panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe gras. Cardamom, elettaria cardamomum, easily at sand mountain. Seeds are dried, ground, and used as a food flavoring. Elettaria cardamomum an overview sciencedirect topics. The plant produces small, inferior, capsular fruits, which are. Phytochemical variations among four distinct varieties of indian. Elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae or cardamom is commonly known as queen of spices for the versatile use in cooking practice. Maton prestigiously called as indian cardamom and is mostly cultivated in south india at higher altitudes ranging. The spicy seeds are very aromatic and used extensively for culinary purposes, it is the true cardamom of commerce.
In present study the methanolic extracts were evaluated for phytochemical. It has a large rhizome and long, dark green leaves, 3060 cm long and 515 cm wide. Cardamom oil is extracted from elettaria cardomomum also known as elettaria cardomomum var. This powerful oil is wellknown for calming the respiratory and digestive systems and can often provide relief to those who struggle on boats or long car rides. Its seeds contain a volatile oil that is used for culinary purposes but which also. The products of the 5lipoxygenase pathway may also play a key role in the development of ulcer, induced by irritant agents such as ethanol lange et al. It is a perennial shrub with stems in the shape of the sheath, which have height between 2 and 5 m. Flowering to harvest period is approximately 120 days. Keep soil temperature at 7085f for best germination. Elettaria cardamomum, common names green cardamom, true cardamom, is a species native to southern india.
Comparative study of qualitative phytochemical screening. Elettaria is commonly called cardamom, green cardamom, or true cardamom, whereas amomum is commonly known as black cardamom, brown cardamom, kravan, java cardamom, bengal cardamom, siamese cardamom, white or red cardamom. Journal of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry taking into consideration all the above mentioned qualities of the three spices namely, syzygium aromaticum, elettaria cardamomum and piper nigrum, the present study was carried out to assess their biochemical and phytochemical nature along with their the antimicrobial activities. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract is an extract from the seeds of the. Gastroprotective effect of cardamom, elettaria cardamomum. Fumigant toxicity and oviposition deterrency of the. Domestication of cardamom elettaria cardamomum in western.
Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton belongs to the natural order scitaminae under the family zingiberaceae. The cardamom or elettaria cardamomum is a pungent, aromatic, herbaceous perennial. Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of elettaria cardamom cardamom. Cardamom and every herb sold is useful medicinally or in some other practical application, and many have beautiful and unusual flowers too. Cardamom is an important economic crop and is a highly valued spice parthasarathy et al. Other articles where elettaria cardamomum is discussed. Use of cardamom fruits for medicinal and culinary purposes dates back to the second century bc. Join our friendly community that shares tips and ideas for gardens, along with seeds and plants. Elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae is a highly priced spice, growing in midelevations 6000 m a. Updated for itis by the flora of north america expertise network, in connection with an update for usda plants 20072010 reference for. Recommendation for elettaria cardamomum seed oil usage levels up to. The healer made a number of uses of four spices in his formulations, namely bark of cinnamomum verum, leaves of cinnamomum tamala, floral buds of syzygium aromaticum, and fruits of elettaria cardamomum. Elettaria cardamomum cardamom phytochemicals by plant. Histological and ultrastructural studies on the toxic effect of pan masala and its amelioration by elettaria cardamomum.
It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in. Both genera are native to india, they are recognised by their small seed pod. The seeds of elettaria cardamomum are the source of cardamom. Watersoluble glucans from true cardamom elettaria cardamomum white at maton seeds. Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of cardamom. Identification of seven zingiberaceous species based on comparative anatomy of microscopic characteristics of seeds. Crc handbook of ayurvedic medicinal plants crc press.
Ginger is obtained from the rhizomes of zingiber officinale. Dont over water soil and allow the soil surface to begin to dry before rewatering. Potted plants companion plants elettaria cardamomum. Alshoraexploration of some pharmacological activities of cardamom seed elettaria cardamomum saudi pharmaceutical journal, 5 1997, pp. Ginger lily hedychium produces beautiful flowers that are used in garlands and other decorations.
In a similar experiment using elettaria cardamomum maton. Maton is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus elettaria family zingiberaceae. Elettaria cardamomum, known as the small cardamom, belongs to the zingiberaceae family and grows in rainforest. Dassanayake md ed 1983 a revised handbook to the fl ora of ceylon.
Perhaps the widest misidentification in horticulture, the majority of cardamom plants sold in the us, are, in fact the cinnomon ginger, alpinia nutans. This extract had the best combination of phytochemical properties such as phenolic content, reducing power, antioxidant activity, anti. This is not the fake cardamom alpinia calcarata or cardamom ginger sold for many years in australia as real cardamom. Fumigant toxicity and oviposition deterrency of the essential. Elettaria cardamomum cardamom grows in the tropics, in plantations or wild, usually in partially deforested tropical areas, as it needs shadow. View picture of cardamom elettaria cardamomum at daves garden. Phytopharmacology of elettaria cardamomum request pdf. Apart from its use as a flavoring agent in food preparations. The yield of essential oils of elettaria cardamomum was 4. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Elettaria in world checklist of selected plant families. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract cosmetic ingredient. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract is one of the ingredients of the polyherbal formulation for treating the dementia of alzheimers disease aaishwarya et al. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton, a native of high ranges of western ghats of india, is an ecofriendly plantation spice crop.
The plant produces small, inferior, capsular fruits, which are collected as they ripen, and dried. The dried ripe fruits of cardamom have been used as a spice and in medicines since the 4th century bc. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract is an extract from the seeds of the cardamom, elettaria cardamomum, zingiberaceae. It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in reunion, indochina, and costa rica. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum plant profiler sigmaaldrich. It is sometimes known as the queen of spices alongside black pepper piper nigrum, which is known as the king of spices. Ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rats and its prevention by essential oils of elettaria cardamomum and amomum subulatum. Elettaria cardamomum true cardamom queen of spices from. Learn about elettaria cardamomum cardamom perennial. If you bought a plant with a tag that says cardamom. Elettaria cardamomum is the spice cardamom or elaichi used for cooking in many parts of the world and in india.
Elettaria cardamomum and syzygium aromaticum, also used by the hajong tmps to treat asthma and coughs, are used by the taikhamyang tribe of assam, india to treat gastric trouble sonowal and barua, 2011. Elettaria cardamomum was 1% ww and for amomum subulatum was 2. Alpinia calcarata has amazing smelling leaves useful for cooking and tea but does not. Elettaria cardamomum is the well known spice plant, does it need an introduction. Scitamineae, a plant growing wild in the forests of southern india, and cultivated on the malabar coast, and in ceylon. Preliminary phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of syzygium.
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